6 Phrases You May Not Know Are Ableist

Language both reflects and shapes our society; in fact, there's even evidence that our native tongue influences the way we think as we age. Schoolyard rhymes about broken bones aside, most people recognize that words have power, but even in the modern day, ordinary conversations are rife with phrases you may not realize are ableist. Part of this is due to the ever-changing nature of language — many words that are considered discriminatory now began as neutral clinical terms, and it can be difficult at times to navigate what may offend someone with different life experiences. (As usual, the solution in that case is simply to ask and, more importantly, to listen.)

However, the sheer ordinariness of ableist language, which discriminates against or "others" people with disabilities, can also be traced back to the larger problem of ableism in our culture. Although almost one in five Americans have a disability, society treats those with disabilities like they need to be fixed, as if their bodies totally prevent them from functioning on their own. While living with a disability can be undeniably difficult, people with disabilities don't need "fixing," nor does their disability preclude the ability to live a full and happy life.

Unfortunately, the belief that disabled people are somehow lesser is so ingrained in society that metaphors equating disabilities with defects abound. The most commonly cited example is "retarded," which you really shouldn't use, but it's far from the only ableist phrase out there. If you use any of the following phrases, it doesn't make you a bad person. On the other hand, be aware that ableist language perpetuates harmful misconceptions about people with disabilities — and it's simply hurtful.

If that's not enough of a reason to stop using ableist language, I'll let Special Olympics athlete and activist John Franklin Stevens explain things. "It means that the rest of you are excluding us from your group," he wrote in the Denver Post. "We are something that is not like you and something that none of you would ever want to be. We are something outside the 'in' group. We are someone that is not your kind."

1. "He's Totally Crazy/Psycho."

Bandying the word "crazy" around lightly has two effects. First, it trivializes mental illness, which is already stigmatized enough without people poking fun at it. Furthermore, it draws a connection between mental illness and a whole range of negative characteristics, from instability to violence — all of which are characteristics of people, not mental illness itself.

2."That's Lame."

Although "lame" is often used to disparage something these days, its original definition refers to the inability to walk. When you say something is lame, you equate lameness with negativity.

3. "I'm So OCD."

Next time you find yourself laughing about being "so OCD" because you fold your clothes by color, stop and think about what you're saying first. OCD is one of the most widely misunderstood mental illnesses out there, not least because its trivialization in pop culture. It's not a cutesy adjective for talking about your neat freak tendencies — it's a real illness that can have devastating effects.

4. "She's Super Spastic."

Although it's still considered relatively innocuous in the United States, "spastic" is an enormously offensive term in England, and for good reason. The term refers to people with muscle spasms or other motor coordination difficulties, and using it as an insult is simply offensive.

5. "Send Him To The Loony Bin."

Much like calling someone crazy, referring to the "loony bin" makes light of a pretty dark subject — historically, asylums weren't exactly five-star hotels. Furthermore, it others people with mental illness by implying they should be locked up away from the rest of society.

6. "That's Dumb."

Similarly to "lame," dumb had a very different meaning until relatively recently. Today, dumb is used to disparage someone's intellect, but originally, it was used to refer to someone who can't speak. Over time, however, it became synonymous with obtuseness, even though the inability to speak clearly has nothing to do with intellect.

Images: Juanmonino/E+/Getty Images; Giphy (6)